论文标题

流循环:通过质量保护和参数定位,在细胞自动机中朝着开放式演变

Flow-Lenia: Towards open-ended evolution in cellular automata through mass conservation and parameter localization

论文作者

Plantec, Erwan, Hamon, Gautier, Etcheverry, Mayalen, Oudeyer, Pierre-Yves, Moulin-Frier, Clément, Chan, Bert Wang-Chak

论文摘要

复杂的自组织系统的设计产生类似生活的现象,例如虚拟生物的开放式演变,是人造生命的主要目标之一。莱尼亚(Lenia)是一个蜂窝自动机(CA)的家族(CA),将康威(Conway)的生活游戏推广到连续的空间,时间和状态,引起了很多关注,因为它可以产生的自我组织模式广泛。其中,某些在空间局部的模式(SLP)类似于栩栩如生的人造生物并显示复杂的行为。但是,这些生物仅在Lenia参数空间的一个小子空间中找到,并且并不是很琐碎的,因此需要先进的搜索算法。此外,这些生物中的每一个仅存在于受特定更新规则支配的世界中,因此不能在同一世界中进行交互。本文提出,作为解决这两个问题的Lenia的质量保守扩展,称为Flow Lenia。我们提出了实验,以证明其在具有复杂行为的SLP中的有效性,并表明可以优化更新规则参数以生成SLP,以显示感兴趣的行为。最后,我们表明Flow Lenia可以在CA动力学中集成CA更新规则的参数,从而使它们动态和本地化,从而允许进行多种物种模拟,并与本地连贯的更新规则,以定义新兴生物的属性,并且可以与邻近规则混合。我们认为,这为连续CAS内的自组织人工生命形式的内在演变铺平了道路。

The design of complex self-organising systems producing life-like phenomena, such as the open-ended evolution of virtual creatures, is one of the main goals of artificial life. Lenia, a family of cellular automata (CA) generalizing Conway's Game of Life to continuous space, time and states, has attracted a lot of attention because of the wide diversity of self-organizing patterns it can generate. Among those, some spatially localized patterns (SLPs) resemble life-like artificial creatures and display complex behaviors. However, those creatures are found in only a small subspace of the Lenia parameter space and are not trivial to discover, necessitating advanced search algorithms. Furthermore, each of these creatures exist only in worlds governed by specific update rules and thus cannot interact in the same one. This paper proposes as mass-conservative extension of Lenia, called Flow Lenia, that solve both of these issues. We present experiments demonstrating its effectiveness in generating SLPs with complex behaviors and show that the update rule parameters can be optimized to generate SLPs showing behaviors of interest. Finally, we show that Flow Lenia enables the integration of the parameters of the CA update rules within the CA dynamics, making them dynamic and localized, allowing for multi-species simulations, with locally coherent update rules that define properties of the emerging creatures, and that can be mixed with neighbouring rules. We argue that this paves the way for the intrinsic evolution of self-organized artificial life forms within continuous CAs.

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