论文标题

T1加权MRI的伪CTS用于计划低强度经颅的超声神经调节:开源工具

Pseudo-CTs from T1-weighted MRI for planning of low-intensity transcranial focused ultrasound neuromodulation: an open-source tool

论文作者

Yaakub, Siti Nurbaya, White, Tristan A., Kerfoot, Eric, Verhagen, Lennart, Hammers, Alexander, Fouragnan, Elsa F.

论文摘要

背景:当计划预期的经颅超声声场并估计低强度经颅超声刺激(TUS)研究中的机械和热安全性时,骨密度和几何形状的单个头骨模型很重要。计算机断层扫描(CT)图像通常用于估计头骨声学特性。但是,由于暴露于电离辐射,并且在研究组中获得CT扫描仪的访问量有限,因此在研究参与者中获得CT图像可能会过时。 目的:我们提出了一种经过验证的开源工具,供研究人员从T1加权MR图像中获取单个颅骨估计,以用于声学模拟。 方法:我们完善了先前训练和验证的3D卷积神经网络(CNN),以生成100个KEV伪CTS。该网络已在110个个体上预定,并在37个健康对照个体的数据库上进行了完善和测试。我们将基于参考CT的模拟与基于伪CTS和二进制颅骨面罩的模拟进行了比较,这是在没有CT的情况下的常见替代方法。 结果:与参考CTS相比,我们的CNN产生的伪CTS的平均绝对误差为109.8 +/- 13.0 HU,整个头部为319.3 +/- 31.9 HU。在声学模拟中,基于参考CT和伪CT(分别为0.48 +/- 0.04 MPa和0.50 +/- 0.50 +/- 0.04 MPA)的模拟的局灶性在统计上是等效的,但对于二进制颅骨掩模(0.28 +/- 0.05 MPA),但不等效。 结论:我们表明,我们的网络可以产生与健康个体中参考CT相当的伪CT,并且可以在声学模拟中使用。

Background: Individual skull models of bone density and geometry are important when planning the expected transcranial ultrasound acoustic field and estimating mechanical and thermal safety in low-intensity transcranial ultrasound stimulation (TUS) studies. Computed tomography (CT) images have typically been used to estimate skull acoustic properties. However, obtaining CT images in research participants may be prohibitive due to exposure to ionising radiation and limited access to CT scanners within research groups. Objective: We present a validated open-source tool for researchers to obtain individual skull estimates from T1-weighted MR images, for use in acoustic simulations. Methods: We refined a previously trained and validated 3D convolutional neural network (CNN) to generate 100 keV pseudo-CTs. The network was pretrained on 110 individuals and refined and tested on a database of 37 healthy control individuals. We compared simulations based on reference CTs to simulations based on our pseudo-CTs and binary skull masks, a common alternative in the absence of CT. Results: Compared with reference CTs, our CNN produced pseudo-CTs with a mean absolute error of 109.8 +/- 13.0 HU across the whole head and 319.3 +/- 31.9 HU in the skull. In acoustic simulations, the focal pressure was statistically equivalent for simulations based on reference CT and pseudo-CT (0.48 +/- 0.04 MPa and 0.50 +/- 0.04 MPa respectively) but not for binary skull masks (0.28 +/- 0.05 MPa). Conclusions: We show that our network can produce pseudo-CT comparable to reference CTs in healthy individuals, and that these can be used in acoustic simulations.

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