论文标题

使用非抗二维电位控制液体稳定电场的方向

Controlling the direction of steady electric fields in liquid using non-antiperiodic potentials

论文作者

Hashemi, Aref, Tahernia, Mehrdad, Ristenpart, William D., Miller, Gregory H.

论文摘要

储层计算是预测湍流的有力工具,其简单的架构具有处理大型系统的计算效率。然而,其实现通常需要完整的状态向量测量和系统非线性知识。我们使用非线性投影函数将系统测量扩展到高维空间,然后将其输入到储层中以获得预测。我们展示了这种储层计算网络在时空混沌系统上的应用,该系统模拟了湍流的若干特征。我们表明,使用径向基函数作为非线性投影器,即使只有部分观测并且不知道控制方程,也能稳健地捕捉复杂的系统非线性。最后,我们表明,当测量稀疏、不完整且带有噪声,甚至控制方程变得不准确时,我们的网络仍然可以产生相当准确的预测,从而为实际湍流系统的无模型预测铺平了道路。

When applying an oscillatory electric potential to an electrolyte solution, it is commonly assumed that the choice of which electrode is grounded or powered does not matter because the time-average of the electric potential is zero. Recent theoretical, numerical, and experimental work, however, has established that certain types of multimodal oscillatory potentials that are "non-antiperodic" can induce a net steady field toward either the grounded or powered electrode [Hashemi et al., Phys. Rev. E 105, 065001 (2022)]. Here, we elaborate on the nature of these steady fields through numerical and theoretical analyses of the asymmetric rectified electric field (AREF) that occurs in electrolytes where the cations and anions have different mobilities. We demonstrate that AREFs induced by a non-antiperiodic electric potential, e.g., by a two-mode waveform with modes at 2 and 3 Hz, invariably yields a steady field that is spatially dissymmetric between two parallel electrodes, such that swapping which electrode is powered changes the direction of the field. Additionally, using a perturbation expansion, we demonstrate that the dissymmetric AREF occurs due to odd nonlinear orders of the applied potential. We further generalize the theory by demonstrating that the dissymmetric field occurs for all classes of zero-time-average (no dc bias) periodic potentials, including triangular and rectangular pulses, and we discuss how these steady fields can tremendously change the interpretation, design, and applications of electrochemical and electrokinetic systems.

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