论文标题

重力及其观察界的因果修饰

Causal Modifications of Gravity and Their Observational Bounds

论文作者

Hertzberg, Mark P., Litterer, Jacob A., Shah, Neil

论文摘要

由于总体相对论是在大距离上无质量自旋2颗粒的独特理论,因此进行重大修改的最合理方法是引入一个或多个轻量标质,以介导新的远距离力量。大多数对此类标量的研究调用了在短距离内表现出某种“筛选”的模型,以隐藏太阳系测试的力。但是,众所周知,这种修饰也表现出超浮力,可以解释为一种可怕的形式。在这项工作中,我们探讨了明确的倾斜和因果定量表场模型。特别是,我们研究了一个符合耦合的标量$ ϕ $,与太阳系界限至关重要,以及一个非典型的动力学术语$ k(x)$($ x =(\ partialDistic),遵守所有subluminationality限制,并且是多余的。我们认为对于小$ x $来说是规范的$ k(x)$,但是除了某些非线性尺度以外,有$ p $的新规模制度,$ 1/2 <p <1 $(DBI动力学术语为限制$ p = 1/2 $,并且规范的标量为$ p = 1 $)。与筛查(和超纤维)相反,这种新力量在高密度(和subluminital)的政权中变得越来越重要。然后,我们转向最密集的环境,以对这种新交互进行界限。我们计算了二进制系统(例如Hulse-Taylor)中的进动的约束,我们对中子星形静水压平衡进行校正,并计算辐射中的功率,张量模式校正和新的标量模式,这在合并期间很重要。

Since general relativity is the unique theory of massless spin 2 particles at large distances, the most reasonable way to have significant modifications is to introduce one or more light scalars that mediate a new long-range force. Most existing studies of such scalars invoke models that exhibit some kind of "screening" at short distances to hide the force from solar system tests. However, as is well known, such modifications also exhibit superluminality, which can be interpreted as a form of acausality. In this work we explore explicitly subluminal and causal scalar field models. In particular, we study a conformally coupled scalar $ϕ$, with a small coupling to matter to obey solar system bounds, and a non-canonical kinetic term $K(X)$ ($X=(\partialϕ)^2/2$) that obeys all subluminality constraints and is hyperbolic. We consider $K(X)$ that is canonical for small $X$, but beyond some nonlinear scale enters a new scaling regime of power $p$, with $1/2<p<1$ (the DBI kinetic term is the limit $p=1/2$ and a canonical scalar is $p=1$). As opposed to screening (and superluminality), this new force becomes more and more important in the regime of high densities (and subluminality). We then turn to the densest environments to put bounds on this new interaction. We compute constraints from precession in binary systems such as Hulse-Taylor, we compute corrections to neutron star hydrostatic equilibrium, and we compute power in radiation, both tensor mode corrections and the new scalar mode, which can be important during mergers.

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