论文标题
为什么光学需要厚度
Why optics needs thickness
论文作者
论文摘要
我们展示了为什么以及何时需要厚度以及宽度或区域。波衍射解释了透镜或光圈面积或直径的基本需求，以实现显微镜和相机中的某些分辨率或像素数。现在，我们证明，如果我们知道光学要做什么，即使在设计之前，我们也可以推断出最低所需的厚度。该极限来自衍射，以及一个名为“重叠的非局部性” C的新颖概念，该概念可以从对设备要做什么的数学描述中进行严格推导。 C表示不同输出区域的输入区域重叠。此限制广泛适用于从相机到元整口的光学元件，以及一般的波浪系统。
We show why and when optics needs thickness as well as width or area. Wave diffraction explains the fundamental need for area or diameter of a lens or aperture to achieve some resolution or number of pixels in microscopes and cameras. Now we show that, if we know what the optics is to do, even before design, we can also deduce minimum required thickness. This limit comes from diffraction together with a novel concept called "overlapping non-locality" C that can be deduced rigorously just from the mathematical description of what the device is to do. C expresses how much the input regions for different output regions overlap. This limit applies broadly to optics from cameras to metasurfaces, and to wave systems generally.
