论文标题

贝叶斯地板场:转移人们的流动预测跨环境

Bayesian Floor Field: Transferring people flow predictions across environments

论文作者

Verdoja, Francesco, Kucner, Tomasz Piotr, Kyrki, Ville

论文摘要

映射人员动态是机器人的重要技能,因为它使他们能够在人居住的环境中共存。但是,学习人动态模型是一个耗时的过程,需要观察大量在环境中移动的人。此外,映射动力学的方法无法跨环境传输学习的模型:每个模型只能描述其所内置的环境的动态。但是,建筑几何形状对人们运动的影响可以用来预测其动态模式,而最近的工作则研究了从占用率的动态学习图。但是,到目前为止,尚未将基于轨迹和基于几何形状的方法组合在一起。在这项工作中,我们提出了一种新颖的贝叶斯方法,以学习人们的动态,能够将有关环境几何形状的知识与人类轨迹的观察结合在一起。基于占用的深层先验用于建立初始过渡模型,而无需对行人进行任何观察。然后,使用贝叶斯推理可用观测值时,将更新模型。我们证明了我们的模型提高数据效率和概括在实际的大规模环境中的能力,这对于动态图是前所未有的。

Mapping people dynamics is a crucial skill for robots, because it enables them to coexist in human-inhabited environments. However, learning a model of people dynamics is a time consuming process which requires observation of large amount of people moving in an environment. Moreover, approaches for mapping dynamics are unable to transfer the learned models across environments: each model is only able to describe the dynamics of the environment it has been built in. However, the impact of architectural geometry on people's movement can be used to anticipate their patterns of dynamics, and recent work has looked into learning maps of dynamics from occupancy. So far however, approaches based on trajectories and those based on geometry have not been combined. In this work we propose a novel Bayesian approach to learn people dynamics able to combine knowledge about the environment geometry with observations from human trajectories. An occupancy-based deep prior is used to build an initial transition model without requiring any observations of pedestrian; the model is then updated when observations become available using Bayesian inference. We demonstrate the ability of our model to increase data efficiency and to generalize across real large-scale environments, which is unprecedented for maps of dynamics.

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