论文标题
最佳内存中的MPC中当地的指数加速
Exponential Speedup Over Locality in MPC with Optimal Memory
论文作者
论文摘要
局部可检查的标签(LCL)问题是图形问题,如果解决方案满足每个节点本地邻域中的某些限制,则解决方案是正确的。此类中的示例问题包括最大匹配,最大独立集和着色问题。一项成功的研究一直是研究路径/周期,树木和一般图的LCL问题的复杂性,为局部分布式计算模型提供了许多有趣的结果。在这项工作中,我们启动了大量平行计算(MPC)模型中LCL问题的研究。特别是,在森林上,我们提供了一种方法,鉴于本地模型中LCL问题的复杂性,自动为使用最佳全局内存的低空MPC设置提供了指数级更快的算法。 虽然限制森林的结果似乎会削弱结果,但我们强调,MPC设置的所有已知(条件)下限是通过提起在树状网络(森林或高圆形图)中在分布式环境中获得的下限来获得的,因此我们研究的问题已经在森林中挑战了。此外,我们算法最重要的技术功能是它们使用最佳的全局内存,也就是说,内存线性在图表的边数中。相反,大多数最新算法都比线性全局内存使用更多。此外,它们通常从密集的图开始,将其稀疏,然后在残差图上解决问题,从而利用全局内存的相对增加。在森林上,这是不可能的,因为给定的图已经尽可能稀疏,并且使用最佳内存需要新的解决方案。
Locally Checkable Labeling (LCL) problems are graph problems in which a solution is correct if it satisfies some given constraints in the local neighborhood of each node. Example problems in this class include maximal matching, maximal independent set, and coloring problems. A successful line of research has been studying the complexities of LCL problems on paths/cycles, trees, and general graphs, providing many interesting results for the LOCAL model of distributed computing. In this work, we initiate the study of LCL problems in the low-space Massively Parallel Computation (MPC) model. In particular, on forests, we provide a method that, given the complexity of an LCL problem in the LOCAL model, automatically provides an exponentially faster algorithm for the low-space MPC setting that uses optimal global memory, that is, truly linear. While restricting to forests may seem to weaken the result, we emphasize that all known (conditional) lower bounds for the MPC setting are obtained by lifting lower bounds obtained in the distributed setting in tree-like networks (either forests or high girth graphs), and hence the problems that we study are challenging already on forests. Moreover, the most important technical feature of our algorithms is that they use optimal global memory, that is, memory linear in the number of edges of the graph. In contrast, most of the state-of-the-art algorithms use more than linear global memory. Further, they typically start with a dense graph, sparsify it, and then solve the problem on the residual graph, exploiting the relative increase in global memory. On forests, this is not possible, because the given graph is already as sparse as it can be, and using optimal memory requires new solutions.