论文标题

不常见:有关日常概念的信息的负面知识

UnCommonSense: Informative Negative Knowledge about Everyday Concepts

论文作者

Arnaout, Hiba, Razniewski, Simon, Weikum, Gerhard, Pan, Jeff Z.

论文摘要

关于日常概念的常识知识是AI应用程序的重要资产,例如问答机器人和聊天机器人。最近,我们发现对结构化常识性知识库(CSKB)的构建越来越兴趣。人类常识的重要部分是关于不适用于概念的属性,而现有的CSKB仅存储正面陈述。此外,由于CSKB在开放世界的假设下运作,因此缺乏陈述被认为具有未知的真理,而不是无效。本文介绍了实现信息丰富的负相理陈述的不常见框架。给定目标概念,在CSKB中确定了可比较的概念,为此假定了局部封闭世界的假设。这样,关于目标概念不存在的可比概念的积极陈述成为负面陈述候选人的种子。然后,通过信息性审查,修剪和排名大量候选人。固有和外在评估表明,我们的方法明显优于最先进的方法。大量的信息否定数据集被释放为未来研究的资源。

Commonsense knowledge about everyday concepts is an important asset for AI applications, such as question answering and chatbots. Recently, we have seen an increasing interest in the construction of structured commonsense knowledge bases (CSKBs). An important part of human commonsense is about properties that do not apply to concepts, yet existing CSKBs only store positive statements. Moreover, since CSKBs operate under the open-world assumption, absent statements are considered to have unknown truth rather than being invalid. This paper presents the UNCOMMONSENSE framework for materializing informative negative commonsense statements. Given a target concept, comparable concepts are identified in the CSKB, for which a local closed-world assumption is postulated. This way, positive statements about comparable concepts that are absent for the target concept become seeds for negative statement candidates. The large set of candidates is then scrutinized, pruned and ranked by informativeness. Intrinsic and extrinsic evaluations show that our method significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art. A large dataset of informative negations is released as a resource for future research.

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