论文标题
年轻明星簇的奔跑中的中级黑洞
Intermediate-mass Black Holes on the Run from Young Star Clusters
论文作者
论文摘要
黑洞的存在(BHS)的存在在恒星残留物与超大型BHS之间的范围内,直到最近才明确建立。 GW190521是由Ligo/处女座协作检测到的引力波信号,为存在这种中间质量BHS(IMBHS)提供了第一个直接证据。这一事件引发并继续为这种大规模BHS的可能地层渠道进行讨论。如检测所示,IMBHS可以通过“上质量差距”中的BHS的二进制合并形成($ \ of40 -120 \,m _ {\ odot} $)。另外,IMBH可能会通过恒星碰撞和密集的星形簇中的合并形成的非常巨大的恒星崩溃而形成。在这项研究中,我们探索了质量在$ 120 $至500美元之间的IMBH的形成,使用最先进的群集蒙特卡洛($ \ texttt {cmc} $)模型,在年轻的,庞大的星团中,在年轻的,庞大的星形群中,在年轻,大型星团中的形成。我们检查了IMBH在整个动力学寿命中的演变,其结尾是由于其从BH合并引起的重力辐射导致了父群集的射出,或者是从少数身体散射相遇中的动态后坐力踢。我们发现,在我们的模型中,IMBH的$ \ textIt {All} $在第一个$ \ sim 500 $ MYR内从主机群集中弹出,这表明当今球形群集的IMBH的保留概率较低。我们估计IMBH合并率为$ \ MATHCAL {r} \ oit 2 \,\ rm {gpc}^{ - 3} \,\ rm {yr}^{ - 1} $ at Redshift $ z \ of 2 $。
The existence of black holes (BHs) with masses in the range between stellar remnants and supermassive BHs has only recently become unambiguously established. GW190521, a gravitational wave signal detected by the LIGO/Virgo Collaboration, provides the first direct evidence for the existence of such intermediate-mass BHs (IMBHs). This event sparked and continues to fuel discussion on the possible formation channels for such massive BHs. As the detection revealed, IMBHs can form via binary mergers of BHs in the "upper mass gap" ($\approx40 -120\,M_{\odot}$). Alternatively, IMBHs may form via the collapse of a very massive star formed through stellar collisions and mergers in dense star clusters. In this study, we explore the formation of IMBHs with masses between $120$ and $500\,M_{\odot}$ in young, massive star clusters using state-of-the-art Cluster Monte Carlo ($\texttt{CMC}$) models. We examine the evolution of IMBHs throughout their dynamical lifetimes, ending with their ejection from the parent cluster due to gravitational radiation recoil from BH mergers, or dynamical recoil kicks from few-body scattering encounters. We find that $ \textit{all}$ of the IMBHs in our models are ejected from the host cluster within the first $\sim 500$ Myr, indicating a low retention probability of IMBHs in this mass range for globular clusters today. We estimate the peak IMBH merger rate to be $\mathcal{R} \approx 2 \, \rm{Gpc}^{-3}\,\rm{yr}^{-1}$ at redshift $z \approx 2$.