论文标题
印度农村地区的赞助和权力：基于互动网络的研究
Patronage and power in rural India: a study based on interaction networks
论文作者
论文摘要
这项工作有两个相互交织的组成部分：首先，作为研究计划的一部分，它引入了一种新方法，用于确定发展中国家农村社会的“电力中心”，然后将其应用于印度当代农村地区的特定背景，以解决印度农村地区权力动态的一些辩论。我们根据自己收集的主要数据（2013年和2014年）确定“地方”农村机构的性质。我们在马哈拉施特拉邦，奥里萨邦和北方邦的州占领了36个村庄 - 在每个州中有12个村庄 - 作为我们的观察和数据收集的地点。我们从经济，社会和政治领域的家庭日常互动的数据中量化了机构的性质。我们的家庭调查表明，各个地区的功率结构存在很大差异。我们在36个调查中的22个村庄中确定了“当地精英”的存在。我们进行了一项称为“精英调查”的后续调查，以获取有关确定的精英家庭的详细信息。我们观察到房东已经大大削弱了，土地不再是权力的唯一来源，而新的电力中心已经出现了。尽管有这些变化，但种姓，土地所有权和顾客 - 客户关系仍然是农村权力结构的三个重要支柱。
This work has two intertwined components: first, as part of a research programme it introduces a new methodology for identifying `power-centres' in rural societies of developing countries in general and then applies that in the specific context of contemporary rural India for addressing some debates on the dynamics of power in rural India. We identify the nature of `local' rural institutions based on primary data collected by ourselves (in 2013 and 2014). We took 36 villages in the states of Maharashtra, Odisha and Uttar Pradesh - 12 in each of these states - as the sites for our observation and data collection. We quantify nature of institutions from data on the day-to-day interactions of households in the spheres of economy, society and politics. Our household survey shows that there is substantial variation in power structure across regions. We identified the presence of `local elites' in 22 villages out of 36 surveyed. We conducted a follow-up survey, called `elite survey', to get detailed information about the identified elite households. We observe that landlordism has considerably weakened, land has ceased to be the sole source of power and new power-centres have emerged. Despite these changes, caste, landownership and patron-client relation continue to be three important pillars of rural power structure.
