论文标题

QCD中一阶手性相变的命运:通过NAMBU-JONA-LASINIO模型研究的深色QCD的影响

Fate of the first-order chiral phase transition in QCD: Implications for dark QCD studied via a Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model

论文作者

Wang, Yuanyuan, Kawaguchi, Mamiya, Matsuzaki, Shinya, Tomiya, Akio

论文摘要

类似QCD的理论中手性相变的一阶性质可以发挥关键作用,以解决宇宙的阴暗面,在这种情况下,创建的平衡是作为宇宙学和天体物理探针(例如引力波产物)所必需的,这些探针已被广泛探索。这种跨学科的物理基于广泛认可的猜想,即具有质量无质量(轻)三种口味的QCD样理论中的热性手性相变是一阶。我们发现,当普通或黑暗的夸克在外部与光子或深色光子的足够弱的背景场(我们共同称为``磁场''磁场)时。我们假设一个弱`磁性'背景领域可以源于``磁性早期''n n n n n n by a nambu-jona-sin ot o o caniio-yasku-jonona-yand ocation。类似QCD的理论。我们表明,在无质量(轻)的情况下,当$ 2f_π^2 \ lyssim eb(\ ll(4πf_π)^2)$时,第一阶功能就消失了这种消失是``磁性上的降低异常''的一般结果,以及手性对称性破坏的``磁性催化'',并且会影响或约束建模深色QCD与外部``磁性''磁场耦合的暗QCD。

The first-order nature of the chiral phase transition in QCD-like theories can play crucial roles to address a dark side of the Universe, where the created out-of equilibrium is essential to serve as cosmological and astrophysical probes such as gravitational wave productions, which have extensively been explored. This interdisciplinary physics is built based on a widely-accepted conjecture that the thermal chiral phase transition in QCD-like theories with massless (light) three flavors is of first order. We find that such a first order feature may not hold, when ordinary or dark quarks are externally coupled to a weak enough background field of photon or dark photon (which we collectively call a ``magnetic" field). We assume that a weak ``magnetic" background field could be originated from some ``magnetogenesis" in the early Universe. We work on a Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model which can describe the chiral phase transition in a wide class of QCD-like theories. We show that in the case with massless (light) three flavors, the first-order feature goes away when $2 f_π^2 \lesssim eB ( \ll (4 πf_π)^2)$, where $eB$ is the ``magnetic" field strength and $f_π$ the pion decay constant at the vacuum. This disappearance is the generic consequence of the presence of the ``magnetically" induced scale anomaly and the ``magnetic" catalysis for the chiral symmetry breaking, and would impact or constrain modeling dark QCD coupled to an external ``magnetic" field.

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