论文标题
Frauchiger-Renner Gedanken实验：分析中的缺陷 - 逻辑如何在量子力学中起作用
The Frauchiger-Renner Gedanken Experiment: Flaws in Its Analysis -- How Logic Works in Quantum Mechanics
论文作者
论文摘要
在出版物（Nature Comm。3711，9（2018））中，Daniela Frauchiger和Renato Renner使用Wigner/朋友Gedanken实验来争辩说，量子力学无法描述涉及测量剂的复杂系统。他们能够产生一个矛盾的陈述，从有关在纠缠旋转系统上执行的四个陈述开始。这些陈述需要使用逻辑的传递特性进行组合：如果A表示B和B表示C，则A表示C。但是，在结合Frauchiger-Renner-Renner Gedanken实验的连续陈述时，我们表明量子力学不遵守过渡性，并且这使他们的分析无效。我们还证明，这四个陈述之间的某些前提在逻辑上是不兼容的，这意味着无法一次使用这些陈述。此外，为了产生矛盾，Frauchiger和Renner选择了特定的跑步，他们称之为“ OK” - “ OKBAR”。但是，对这种情况的限制使四个语句中的三个无效。因此，在2018年自然传播出版物中，逻辑有三个单独的问题。我们还证明了在量子力学的某些情况下，违反了逻辑规则（包括传递性）。 我们使用Frauchiger-Renner Gedanken实验作为实验室，以探索量子力学中的许多主题，包括波函数逻辑，Wigner/friends实验，以及从了解波函数的知识中扣除数学陈述并获得许多有趣的结果。我们表明，如果在宏观对象上进行Wigner测量值，则不可能进行Frauchiger和Renner使用类型的Wigner/朋友实验。它们可能在某些微观实体上进行，但是在这种情况下，Wigner测量值是“普通”的...
In a publication (Nature Comm. 3711, 9 (2018)), Daniela Frauchiger and Renato Renner used a Wigner/friend gedanken experiment to argue that quantum mechanics cannot describe complex systems involving measuring agents. They were able to produce a contradictory statement starting with four statements about measurements performed on an entangled spin system. These statements needed to be combined using the transitive property of logic: If A implies B and B implies C, then A implies C. However, in combining successive statements for the Frauchiger-Renner gedanken experiment we show that quantum mechanics does not obey transitivity and that this invalidates their analysis. We also demonstrate that certain pairs of premises among the four statements are logically incompatible, meaning that the statements cannot all be used at once. In addition, to produce the contradiction, Frauchiger and Renner choose a particular run, which they call the `OK' -- `OKbar' one. However, the restriction to this case invalidates three of the four statements. Hence, there are three separate problems with logic in the 2018 Nature Communication publication. We also demonstrate the violation of the rules of logic -- including transitivity -- in certain situations in quantum mechanics in general. We use the Frauchiger-Renner gedanken experiment as a laboratory to explore a number of topics in quantum mechanics including wavefunction logic, Wigner/friend experiments, and the deduction of mathematical statements from knowledge of a wavefunction and obtain a number of interesting results. We show that Wigner/friend experiments of the type used by Frauchiger and Renner are impossible if the Wigner measurements are performed on macroscopic objects. They are possible on certain microscopic entities but then the Wigner measurements are rendered "ordinary" in which case ...
