论文标题
伽利略的天文观察和据称在海王星位置的异常发生的系统错误
Systematic errors in Galileo's astronomical observations and alleged anomalies in the position of Neptune
论文作者
论文摘要
1980年，科瓦尔（Kowal）和德雷克（Drake）发现，1612年12月和1613年1月，伽利略（Galileo）观察到了海王星。当时，根据这些作者的说法，伽利略能够以大约10秒的弧度测量角度分离。但是，正如Kowal和Drake所指出的那样，伽利略报告的海王星的位置在用ARC约1分钟的现代灭虫计算的位置上是错误的。这导致了科瓦尔和德雷克推测海王星现代世代的可能错误，并引发了有关海王星的埃弗默里斯和/或伽利略措施中可能错误的辩论。直到今天，这种异常仍没有确定的答案。在这里，我们表明，除了随机误差外，伽利略的观察结果中还有其他重大的测量错误。这些错误可能有助于阐明所谓的海王星位置。
In 1980 Kowal and Drake found that in December 1612 and January 1613 Galileo observed the planet Neptune. At that time, according to these authors, Galileo was able to measure angular separations with an accuracy of about 10 seconds of arc. However, as noticed by Kowal and Drake, the position of Neptune reported by Galileo is wrong with respect to the position computed with the modern ephemeris of about 1 minute of arc. This led Kowal and Drake to speculate on the possible errors of modern ephemeris of Neptune and sparked some debate about Neptune's ephemeris and/or possible errors in Galileo's measures. Until today this anomaly has remained without a conclusive answer. Here we show that, in addition to the random errors, there are other significant measurement errors present in Galileo's observations. These errors may help clarify the origin of the alleged anomalies in the position of Neptune.
