论文标题
平衡和位置
Equilibration and locality
论文作者
论文摘要
由量子力学预测进行的实验表明,间距分离测量值之间的非平凡相关性。该现象被称为违反强本地性的行为,在爱因斯坦(Einstein)被称为远处的幽灵动作。一个有趣且以前未解决的问题是颗粒组装到平衡状态的组装的演变如何与强本区域相关。更具体地说,是否在这方面,无法区分的粒子与可区分的粒子不同。 为了解决这个问题,我们在有限的微型群体上引入了基于马尔可夫链的框架。我们首次制定了遵守无法区分的粒子的粒子传输和强分本性所需的条件。 考虑了遵守运输本地性和导致平衡状态的模型。我们表明,可以构建遵守和违反难以区分的粒子和可区分的模型。但是,我们发现,仅在不破坏微晶格对称性的情况下,才有可能出现可分开的颗粒,以强烈的局部进化为平衡。这是最强的对称性,可以强加并导致最短的平衡时间。 我们希望这里呈现的结果可以为违反强本地性的新观点提供新的看法,并且开发的框架将有助于未来的研究。具体而言,它们可能有助于解释高能核碰撞的结果,表明无法区分的颗粒的快速平衡。
Experiments motivated by predictions of quantum mechanics indicate non-trivial correlations between spacelike-separated measurements. The phenomenon is referred to as a violation of strong-locality and, after Einstein, called ghostly action at a distance. An intriguing and previously unasked question is how the evolution of an assembly of particles to equilibrium-state relates to strong-locality. More specifically, whether, with this respect, indistinguishable particles differ from distinguishable ones. To address the question, we introduce a Markov-chain based framework over a finite set of microstates. For the first time, we formulate conditions needed to obey the particle transport- and strong-locality for indistinguishable particles. Models which obey transport-locality and lead to equilibrium-state are considered. We show that it is possible to construct models obeying and violating strong-locality both for indistinguishable particles and for distinguishable ones. However, we find that only for distinguishable particles strongly-local evolution to equilibrium is possible without breaking the microstate-symmetry. This is the strongest symmetry one can impose and leads to the shortest equilibration time. We hope that the results presented here may provide a new perspective on a violation of strong-locality, and the developed framework will help in future studies. Specifically they may help to interpret results on high-energy nuclear collisions indicating a fast equilibration of indistinguishable particles.