论文标题
在交流电场下的非线性电流流的发作
Onset of nonlinear electroosmotic flow under AC electric field
论文作者
论文摘要
电渗流(EOF)的非线性无处不在,并且在离子传输,样品混合,电化学反应以及电能储存和利用的离子传输,样品混合,电化学反应以及利用的电能中起着至关重要的作用。从线性制度到非线性的何时以及如何过渡对于理解,禁止或利用非线性EOF至关重要。然而,缺乏具有高空间和时间分辨率的可靠实验工具,对非线性EOF的发作的研究仍然保持在理论上。本文中,我们通过超敏感的荧光闪烁技巧实验研究了由AC电场驱动的EOF的速度波动。线性和非线性AC EOF从速度波动的时间迹线和能量光谱成功鉴定出来。确定了两个状态的关键电场($ e_ {a,c} $),通过定义对流速度($ u $)和交流频率($ f_f $)为$ e_ {a,c} $〜$〜$〜$〜$ {f_f}^{0.48-0.0.0.027U}的关键电场。通用控制参数以令人惊讶的精度确定,以控制AC EOF的状态。我们希望当前的调查对于非线性EOF的理论和应用的发展至关重要。
Nonlinearity of electroosmotic flows (EOFs) is ubiquitous and plays a crucial role in the mass and energy transfer in ion transport, specimen mixing, electrochemistry reaction, and electric energy storage and utilizing. When and how the transition from a linear regime to a nonlinear one is essential for understanding, prohibiting or utilizing nonlinear EOF. However, suffers the lacking of reliable experimental instruments with high spatial and temporal resolutions, the investigation of the onset of nonlinear EOF still stays in theory. Herein, we experimentally studied the velocity fluctuations of EOFs driven by AC electric field via ultra-sensitive fluorescent blinking tricks. The linear and nonlinear AC EOFs are successfully identified from both the time trace and energy spectra of velocity fluctuations. The critical electric field ($E_{A,C}$) separating the two statuses is determined and is discovered by defining a generalized scaling law with respect to the convection velocity ($U$) and AC frequency ($f_f$) as $E_{A,C}$~${f_f}^{0.48-0.027U}$. The universal control parameters are determined with surprising accuracy for governing the status of AC EOFs. We hope the current investigation could be essential in the development of both theory and applications of nonlinear EOF.