论文标题
带有希格斯机制的黑洞超赞的涡流弦形成
Vortex String Formation in Black Hole Superradiance of a Dark Photon with the Higgs Mechanism
论文作者
论文摘要
仅依靠重力相互作用的黑洞超平稳可以提供有力的探针，即具有与普通物质弱耦合的超轻玻色子的存在。但是，随着玻色子云通过超级增长的增长，与自身或其他领域相互作用的非线性效应可能变得很重要。作为这样做的代表性示例，我们使用非线性进化来研究通过HIGGS机制通过与复杂标量的耦合达到质量的载体玻色子的黑洞超平。对于考虑的情况，我们发现超级不稳定性可以导致标量场达到其对称恢复值的瞬时时期，从而导致封闭涡流字符串的形成，云指数生长的暂时破坏以及能量爆炸性爆发。云失去足够的质量后，超级生长恢复并重复循环。因此，黑洞将被旋转，但与非线性效应相比，速率可能要低得多，而释放的能量主要流入骨辐射而不是引力波。
Black hole superradiance, which only relies on gravitational interactions, can provide a powerful probe of the existence of ultralight bosons that are weakly coupled to ordinary matter. However, as a boson cloud grows through superradiance, nonlinear effects from interactions with itself or other fields may become important. As a representative example of this, we use nonlinear evolutions to study black hole superradiance of a vector boson that attains a mass, via a coupling to a complex scalar, through the Higgs mechanism. For the cases considered, we find that the superradiant instability can lead to a transient period where the scalar field reaches its symmetry restoration value, leading to the formation of closed vortex strings, the temporary disruption of the exponential growth of the cloud, and an explosive outburst of energy. After the cloud loses sufficient mass, the superradiant growth resumes, and the cycle repeats. Thus, the black hole will be spun down but, potentially, at a much lower rate compared to when nonlinear effects are unimportant, and with the liberated energy going primarily into bosonic radiation instead of gravitational waves.
