论文标题
需求和人工智能
Needs and Artificial Intelligence
论文作者
论文摘要
在他们的历史上，智人使用技术来更好地满足他们的需求。需求与技术之间的关系是如此基本，以至于美国国家研究委员会将技术的特征定义为“在世界上进行修改以满足人类需求”的目标。人工智能（AI）是我们时代最有希望的新兴技术之一。与其他技术类似，预计AI将“满足人类的需求”。在本文中，我们反思了需求与人工智能之间的关系，并呼吁实现需求意识的AI系统。我们认为，重新思考对通过AI的需求，可以是为开发可持续，以人为中心，负责，合法和道德（Hale）AI系统的现实方法发展的一种非常有用的手段。我们讨论了共同创建基于AI的社会技术系统的一些最关键的差距，障碍，推动因素和驱动因素，其中[人]的需求得到了很好的考虑和满足。最后，我们概述了应仔细考虑的潜在威胁和黑尔考虑因素，并呼吁共同，立即和跨学科的工作和合作。
Throughout their history, homo sapiens have used technologies to better satisfy their needs. The relation between needs and technology is so fundamental that the US National Research Council defined the distinguishing characteristic of technology as its goal "to make modifications in the world to meet human needs". Artificial intelligence (AI) is one of the most promising emerging technologies of our time. Similar to other technologies, AI is expected "to meet [human] needs". In this article, we reflect on the relationship between needs and AI, and call for the realisation of needs-aware AI systems. We argue that re-thinking needs for, through, and by AI can be a very useful means towards the development of realistic approaches for Sustainable, Human-centric, Accountable, Lawful, and Ethical (HALE) AI systems. We discuss some of the most critical gaps, barriers, enablers, and drivers of co-creating future AI-based socio-technical systems in which [human] needs are well considered and met. Finally, we provide an overview of potential threats and HALE considerations that should be carefully taken into account, and call for joint, immediate, and interdisciplinary efforts and collaborations.
