论文标题
区块链驱动的隐私保护大流行中的接触示踪框架
Blockchain Driven Privacy Preserving Contact Tracing Framework in Pandemics
论文作者
论文摘要
事实证明，接触追踪是一种有效的方法，可以控制诸如Covid-19大流行之类的大流行中的病毒扩散。作为一种新兴的强大分散技术，已经探索了区块链，以确保联系跟踪过程中的数据隐私和安全性。但是，现有作品主要是高级设计，没有足够的演示，并且将区块链视为单独的存储系统，可帮助第三方中央服务器，而忽略了共识机制和激励机制的重要性和能力。在本文中，我们提出了一个轻巧且完全第三方的免费区块链驱动的接触式示踪框架（BDCT），以弥合间隙。在BDCT框架中，提出了基于RSA加密的交易验证方法（RSA-TVM），以确保接触跟踪正确性的正确性，即使每个人都有60 \％的概率，它可以实现超过96 \％的接触案例记录准确性，即使无法验证接触信息。声誉纠正的销售证明（RC-DPOS）共识机制与激励机制一起提出了共识机制，这可以确保报告接触案例的及时性并保持区块链分散。创建了一个新颖的接触示意模拟环境，该环境考虑了基于人口密度的三种不同的接触场景。模拟结果证明了拟议的BDCT中RSA-TVM和RC-DPO的有效性，鲁棒性和攻击性。
Contact tracing has been proven an effective approach to control the virus spread in pandemics like COVID-19 pandemic. As an emerging powerful decentralized technique, blockchain has been explored to ensure data privacy and security in contact tracing processes. However, existing works are mostly high-level designs with no sufficient demonstration and treat blockchain as separate storage system assisting third-party central servers, ignoring the importance and capability of consensus mechanism and incentive mechanism. In this paper, we propose a light-weight and fully third-party free Blockchain-Driven Contact Tracing framework (BDCT) to bridge the gap. In the BDCT framework, RSA encryption based transaction verification method (RSA-TVM) is proposed to ensure contact tracing correctness, which can achieve more than 96\% contact cases recording accuracy even each person has 60\% probability of failing to verify the contact information. Reputation Corrected Delegated Proof of Stake (RC-DPoS) consensus mechanism is proposed together with the incentive mechanism, which can ensure timeliness of reporting contact cases and keep blockchain decentralized. A novel contact tracing simulation environment is created, which considers three different contact scenarios based on population density. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness, robustness and attack resistance of RSA-TVM and RC-DPoS in the proposed BDCT.
