论文标题
量子波动定理，用于初始近平衡系统
Quantum fluctuation theorem for initial near-equilibrium system
论文作者
论文摘要
量子工作波动定理（FT）通常需要最初以平衡状态制备的系统。是否存在对超出平衡的初始状态的通用精确量子工作ft，需要进一步讨论。在这里，我以接近平衡的状态初始化了系统，并使用扰动理论得出相应的修改后的Jarzynski平等。该校正是非平凡的，因为它直接导致了近平衡系统的最大工作原理或热力学的第二定律，并且在给定过程中还具有更严格的工作。我还通过考虑混凝土多体系统来验证我的理论结果，并在真正高温下揭示了量子关键现象与近平衡状态之间的基本联系。
Quantum work fluctuation theorem (FT) commonly requires the system initially prepared in an equilibrium state. Whether there exists universal exact quantum work FT for initial state beyond equilibrium needs further discussions. Here, I initialize the system in a near-equilibrium state, and derive the corresponding modified Jarzynski equality by using the perturbation theory. The correction is nontrivial because it directly leads to the principle of maximum work or the second law of thermodynamics for near-equilibrium system and also gives a much tighter bound of work for a given process. I also verify my theoretical results by considering a concrete many-body system, and reveal a fundamental connection between quantum critical phenomenon and near-equilibrium state at really high temperature.
