论文标题
黑客入侵殖民地：关于误导信息素的破坏性效果以及如何防御它
Hacking the Colony: On the Disruptive Effect of Misleading Pheromone and How to Defend Against It
论文作者
论文摘要
蚂蚁通过留下信息素的踪迹而发展为寻求和检索食物。该机制启发了几种分散的多机器人协调的方法。但是，在本文中，我们表明信息素步道是一种脆弱的协调机制，可以破坏阶段的群体。我们介绍了批评者：恶意代理人留下误导性但无法区分的食物信息素的痕迹，以分散注意力和捕获合作者的蚂蚁。我们分析了批评者相对于参数的有效性，例如误导性信息素的蒸发率和菌落中批评者的分数。此外，我们通过引入新型信息素来提出对这种攻击的对策：警告性信息素。合作者蚂蚁在现有食物径上分泌这种类型的信息素，以警告。当警告性信息素强度超过食物信息素强度时，合作者蚂蚁会忽略重叠的食物信息素。我们表明，尽管具有简单性，但这种防御机制可能会限制但不能消除批评者的影响。最终，我们的工作表明，基于信息素的协调虽然有效，但也很脆弱。
Ants have evolved to seek and retrieve food by leaving trails of pheromones. This mechanism has inspired several approaches to decentralized multi-robot coordination. However, in this paper, we show that pheromone trails are a fragile mechanism for coordination, and can be sabotaged to starve the colony. We introduce detractors: malicious agents that leave a misleading, but indistinguishable, trail of food pheromone to distract and trap cooperator ants in the nest. We analyze the effectiveness of detractors with respect to parameters such as evaporation rate of misleading pheromone and fraction of detractors in the colony. In addition, we propose a countermeasure to this attack by introducing a new type of pheromone: the cautionary pheromone. Cooperator ants secrete this type of pheromone atop existing food trails as a warning. When the cautionary pheromone intensity exceeds the food pheromone intensity, cooperator ants ignore overlapping food pheromone. We show that, despite its simplicity, this defense mechanism can limit, but not nullify, the effect of detractors. Ultimately, our work shows that pheromone-based coordination, while effective, is also fragile.
