论文标题
无质量单粒子状态空间的束理论描述；我们如何感知移动的量子粒子
Bundle Theoretic Descriptions of Massless Single-Particle State Spaces; How do we perceive a moving quantum particle
论文作者
论文摘要
最近，已经提出了比普通的希尔伯特空间描述更适合相对论量子信息理论的大规模单粒子状态空间的捆绑理论描述。但是，该工作中介绍的数学框架不适用于无质量粒子。这是因为与巨大的颗粒不同，无质量的颗粒不能假设零动量状态，因此与无质量颗粒相关的质量壳具有非平凡的共同体学。为了克服这一困难，本文提出了一个可以应用于无质量颗粒的新框架。在具有自旋-1和2的无质量颗粒的情况下，即光子和重力顿的应用将表明，电磁论和一般相对性自然而然地出现了田间方程，规格条件以及仪表自由，以表现为惯性观察者对光子和重力量的内部量子状态的感知。最后，我们表明，除旋转0和1/2的颗粒外，所有无质量的颗粒都表现出量规自由。
Recently, a bundle theoretic description of massive single-particle state spaces, which is better suited for Relativistic Quantum Information Theory than the ordinary Hilbert space description, has been suggested. However, the mathematical framework presented in that work does not apply to massless particles. It is because, unlike massive particles, massless particles cannot assume the zero momentum state and hence the mass shell associated with massless particles has non-trivial cohomology. To overcome this difficulty, this paper suggests a new framework that can be applied to massless particles. Applications to the cases of massless particles with spin-1 and 2, namely photon and graviton, will reveal that the field equations, the gauge conditions, and the gauge freedoms of Electromagnetism and General Relativity naturally arise as manifestations of an inertial observer's perception of the internal quantum states of a photon and a graviton, respectively. Finally, we show that gauge freedom is exhibited by all massless particles, except those with spin-0 and 1/2.
