论文标题
自然界中的第二个关键点是否真正存在？
Does the second critical-point of water really exist in nature?
论文作者
论文摘要
在过去的十年中，科学论文中淹没了文学短语“无人土地”。该表达式用于描述相数中的元稳定区域，该区域无法通过实验访问。基于分子动力学（MD）模拟所声称的是，在“ No Man's Rand”中存在一个临界点或第二个临界点（SCP），并且在科学领域造成了巨大的争议。在本文中证明，SCP的假设完全违反了严格的热力学定理，称为Gibbs相规则。模拟发现SCP错误的原因仅仅是因为该方法违反了所有统计力学处理的要求，应满足重现热力学的需求。那就是热力学极限。澄清了纯液体中“液液相变”和SCP的身份，在模拟和某些实验中发现。为了解释在单个成分液体中实验观察到的液态液相转变的物理学，提出了一个新概念。
In the past decade, a literary phrase "No man's land" has been flooded in the scientific papers. The expression is used to describe a meta-stable region in the phase-diagram that cannot be accessed by experiments. It has been claimed based on the molecular dynamics (MD) simulation that there is a critical point, or the second critical point (SCP), in the "no man's land," and it has created a big dispute in the field of science. It is proved in the present paper that the hypothesis of SCP is completely against the rigorous theorem of thermodynamics, referred as the Gibbs phase rule. The reason why the simulations have found SCP erroneously is merely because the method violates the requirement which all the statistical-mechanics treatments should satisfy to reproduce the thermodynamics. That is the thermodynamic limit. It is clarified what is the identity of the "liquid-liquid phase transition" and SCP in pure liquids, discovered by the simulations and by some experiments. In order to explain the physics of liquid-liquid phase transition observed experimentally in single component liquids, a new concept is proposed.
