论文标题

从平均两体相关性中推断出非线性多体钟的不平等:任意Spin-J合奏的系统方法

Inferring Nonlinear Many-Body Bell Inequalities From Average Two-Body Correlations: Systematic Approach for Arbitrary Spin-j Ensembles

论文作者

Müller-Rigat, Guillem, Aloy, Albert, Lewenstein, Maciej, Frérot, Irénée

论文摘要

违反贝尔的不平等现象(BIS)允许人们以最小的假设来证明纠缠状态的准备,以独立于设备的方式。但是,在当今的量子计算机和模拟器中制备的多体相关性量身定制的BI是一项艰巨的努力。在这项工作中,我们专注于系统的非常粗粒的特征违反BI:双方相关性在各方的所有排列中平均。对于两个未能测量,过去和实验研究了这种形式的特定双BI,但实际上不可能明确测试所有这些BI。因此,已经考虑了数据驱动的方法 - 从数据本身中重建违反的BI。在这里,受统计物理学的启发,我们开发了一种专门针对此类粗粒数据量身定制的新型数据驱动方法。我们的方法对现有文献进行了两个主要改进:1)它是针对任何数量的结果和设置直接设计的; 2)所获得的bis在数据中是二次的,为实验所需的精度提供了基本缩放优势。这种非常灵活的方法,其复杂性并不能随系统的大小扩展,使我们能够系统地改善所有以前所知的贝尔的不平等现象,而量子旋转的集合$ 1/2 $却违反了这种不平等的不平等。并发现了贝尔的不平等现象的新颖家庭,该家族量身定制为自旋方的状态和任意旋转的多体旋转式旋转单曲。

Violating Bell's inequalities (BIs) allows one to certify the preparation of entangled states from minimal assumptions -- in a device-independent manner. Finding BIs tailored to many-body correlations as prepared in present-day quantum computers and simulators is however a highly challenging endeavour. In this work, we focus on BIs violated by very coarse-grain features of the system: two-body correlations averaged over all permutations of the parties. For two-outcomes measurements, specific BIs of this form have been theoretically and experimentally studied in the past, but it is practically impossible to explicitly test all such BIs. Data-driven methods -- reconstructing a violated BI from the data themselves -- have therefore been considered. Here, inspired by statistical physics, we develop a novel data-driven approach specifically tailored to such coarse-grain data. Our approach offers two main improvements over the existing literature: 1) it is directly designed for any number of outcomes and settings; 2) the obtained BIs are quadratic in the data, offering a fundamental scaling advantage for the precision required in experiments. This very flexible method, whose complexity does not scale with the system size, allows us to systematically improve over all previously-known Bell's inequalities robustly violated by ensembles of quantum spin-$1/2$; and to discover novel families of Bell's inequalities, tailored to spin-squeezed states and many-body spin singlets of arbitrary spin-$j$ ensembles.

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