论文标题
与Muse一起搜索原始行星
Searching for proto-planets with MUSE
论文作者
论文摘要
原月经磁盘包含诸如间隙，环和螺旋形的结构，这些结构被认为是由于磁盘和嵌入式原始球星之间的相互作用而产生的。但是，只有少数几个候选候选者被发现在Protoplanetary磁盘中绕行，并且其中大多数被挑战，因为与磁盘特征相混淆。我们的目标是与Muse一起发现更多的原始候选人，其次是通过分析Muse的乐器残差来改善高分辨率光谱差异成像（HRSDI）技术。我们分析了五个年轻恒星的缪斯观察结果，并应用了HRSDI技术进行高对比度成像。在30分钟的集成时间内，Muse可以达到5 $σ$检测极限，在明显的H $α$线路中降低至10 $^{ - 14} $和10 $^{ - 15} $ erg S $^{ - 1} $ cm $^{ - 2} $^{ - 2} $分别为0.075“和0.25”和0.25”和0.25”。 In addition to PDS 70 b and c, we did not detect any clear accretion signatures in PDS 70, J1850-3147, and V1094 Sco down to 0.1". MUSE avoids the small sample statistics problem by measuring the noise characteristics in the spatial direction at multiple wavelengths. We detected two asymmetric atomic jets in HD 163296. The HRSDI technique when applied to MUSE data允许我们在小分离（即<0.5“）下达到光子噪声极限。通过较高的光谱分辨率，Muse可以在明显的线路通量中实现比Sphere/Zimpol的轻率检测极限，$ \ sim $ 5。 Muse存在一些工具性问题，这些问题限制了具有强点源的情况下出现的对比度，这可能是由于高线观测值而导致的空间点源，或者由于高线与核电比率而引起的光谱点源。我们修改了HRSDI技术，以更好地处理仪器伪影并改善检测限。
Protoplanetary disks contain structures such as gaps, rings, and spirals, which are thought to be produced by the interaction between the disk and embedded protoplanets. However, only a few planet candidates are found orbiting within protoplanetary disks, and most of them are being challenged as having been confused with disk features. We aim to discover more proto-planetary candidates with MUSE, with a secondary aim of improving the high-resolution spectral differential imaging (HRSDI) technique by analyzing the instrumental residuals of MUSE. We analyzed MUSE observations of five young stars and applied the HRSDI technique to perform high-contrast imaging. With a 30 min integration time, MUSE can reach 5$σ$ detection limits in apparent H$α$ line flux down to 10$^{-14}$ and 10$^{-15}$ erg s$^{-1}$ cm$^{-2}$ at 0.075" and 0.25", respectively. In addition to PDS 70 b and c, we did not detect any clear accretion signatures in PDS 70, J1850-3147, and V1094 Sco down to 0.1". MUSE avoids the small sample statistics problem by measuring the noise characteristics in the spatial direction at multiple wavelengths. We detected two asymmetric atomic jets in HD 163296. The HRSDI technique when applied to MUSE data allows us to reach the photon noise limit at small separations (i.e., < 0.5"). With a higher spectral resolution, MUSE can achieve fainter detection limits in apparent line flux than SPHERE/ZIMPOL by a factor of $\sim$5. MUSE has some instrumental issues that limit the contrast that appear in cases with strong point sources, which can be either a spatial point source due to high Strehl observations or a spectral point source due to a high line-to-continuum ratio. We modified the HRSDI technique to better handle the instrumental artifacts and improve the detection limits.
