论文标题
质子在强电磁场中的变异
Transmutation of protons in a strong electromagnetic field
论文作者
论文摘要
研究了将质子变成强大平面波电磁场中的质子，正电子和电子中心的过程。该过程在真空中被禁止，并且被认为具有指数抑制因子，该因子在田间振幅中是非扰动的。当质子在其休息框架或更大范围内的schwinger临界场的田间强度大约十倍时，这种抑制就会得到缓解。在这个阈值左右，质子的寿命在其静止框架中与常规的中子衰减寿命相当。随着场强的增加，质子寿命变得越来越短。我们调查了可能在实验室使用超强度激光和高能量质子束在实验室观察到的情况的可能场景，但结论是，在不久的将来观察这种效果将非常具有挑战性。
The process of turning a proton into a neutron, positron and electron-neutrino in a strong plane-wave electromagnetic field is studied. This process is forbidden in vacuum and is seen to feature an exponential suppression factor which is non-perturbative in the field amplitude. The suppression is alleviated when the proton experiences a field strength of about ten times the Schwinger critical field in its rest frame or larger. Around this threshold the lifetime of the proton, in its rest frame, is comparable to the conventional neutron decay lifetime. As the field strength is increased, the proton lifetime becomes increasingly short. We investigate possible scenarios where this process may be observed in the laboratory using an ultra-intense laser and a high-energy proton beam with the conclusion, however, that it would be very challenging to observe this effect in the near future.
