论文标题
洛伦兹对称性的结合：超级流体3HE的课程
Combined Lorentz symmetry: lessons from superfluid 3He
论文作者
论文摘要
我们认为相对论量子真空吸尘器的$ p $，$ t $和洛伦兹对称的情况都是合并的对称性。这些对称性是由于原始真空吸尘器的更基本$ p $，$ t $和lorentz对称性的对称破坏而出现的，在坐标转换和旋转旋转的单独组下，这些对称性是不变的。冷凝的物质真空（基态）提出了洛伦兹对称性的起源的两种可能的情况，两者都在液体$^3 $ he的超流层阶段实现：$^3 $ he-a-a-a sconario和$^3 $ he-h he-h-b场景。在这些情况下，重力四翼被认为是量子真空中对称性断裂的顺序参数。 $^3 $ he-b方案适用于Minkowski真空吸尘器，导致Minkowski真空吸尘器相对于$ O（3,1）$旋转旋转的连续变性。对称破裂导致相应的拓扑对象，这是由于堕落的Minkowski真空吸尘器（例如扭转字符串）的非平凡拓扑而出现的。 Minkowski真空对离散的$ p $和$ t $ symmetries的4倍退化表明，Weyl fermions描述了四个不同的四型田野：左手费米子的四五，右手式费米子和右手的四分之一，以及其在其区域。这可能会导致几个度量场的重力，因此违反平均值可能会导致对等原则的破坏。最后，我们考虑了将重力四翼型应用于宇宙恒定问题的解决方案。
We consider the possibility of the scenario in which the $P$, $T$ and Lorentz symmetry of the relativistic quantum vacuum are all the combined symmetries. These symmetries emerge as a result of the symmetry breaking of the more fundamental $P$, $T$ and Lorentz symmetries of the original vacuum, which is invariant under separate groups of the coordinate transformations and spin rotations. The condensed matter vacua (ground states) suggest two possible scenarios of the origin of the combined Lorentz symmetry, both are realized in the superfluid phases of liquid $^3$He: the $^3$He-A scenario and the $^3$He-B scenario. In these scenarios the gravitational tetrads are considered as the order parameter of the symmetry breaking in the quantum vacuum. The $^3$He-B scenarios applied to the Minkowski vacuum leads to the continuous degeneracy of the Minkowski vacuum with respect to the $O(3,1)$ spin rotations. The symmetry breaking leads to the corresponding topological objects, which appear due to the nontrivial topology of the manifold of the degenerate Minkowski vacua, such as torsion strings. The 4-fold degeneracy of the Minkowski vacuum with respect to discrete $P$ and $T$ symmetries suggests that the Weyl fermions are described by four different tetrad fields: the tetrad for the left-handed fermions, the tetrad for the right-handed fermions, and the tetrads for their antiparticles. This may lead to the gravity with several metric fields, so that the parity violation may lead to the breaking of equivalence principle. Finally we considered the application of the gravitational tetrads for the solution of the cosmological constant problem.
