论文标题

太阳系中冰冷体的氮气气氛

Nitrogen Atmospheres of the Icy Bodies in the Solar System

论文作者

Scherf, M., Lammer, H., Erkaev, N. V., Mandt, K. E., Thaller, S. E., Marty, B.

论文摘要

这篇简短的综述将讨论有关太阳系中冰冷体的氮气气氛的起源和演变的当前知识,特别是泰坦,特里顿和冥王星。可以在其大气成分的不同同位素特征中找到分析和了解这些大气的起源和演变的重要工具。 $^{14} $ n/$^{15} $ n比率的n $ _2 $汤匙气氛是这些身体的氛围,是泰坦,特里顿和冥王星从中起源的构成块的足迹,并从中产生了多样化的分级过程,从而塑造了整个进化的气氛。连同其他测量的同位素和元素比,例如$^{12} $ c/$^{13} $ c或ar/n,这些气氛可以对太阳系中冰冷物体的历史产生重要的见解,这些过程会影响其N $ _2 $ _2 $ domination-domination-domination-domentiment solar solar Contect connected Solar活动。泰坦的气态包膜很可能起源于氨气,具有难治性有机物的贡献。与地球相比,它的同位素签名仍可以看到相对较重的$^{14} $ n/$ n/$^{15} $ n比为167.7的比例,尽管由于大气逃生和n $ _2 $的光电解异位,该值在其历史上略微演变而来。冥王星和特里顿的脆弱氮气气氛的起源和进化尚不清楚,尽管他们的大气可能起源于原始星云或彗星。前往特里顿(Triton)的原位太空任务,例如最近提议的三叉戟任务和/或冰巨头将是一个至关重要的基石,可以更好地理解外部太阳系中冰冷身体的起源和演变,总体上是其大气。

This brief review will discuss the current knowledge on the origin and evolution of the nitrogen atmospheres of the icy bodies in the solar system, particularly of Titan, Triton and Pluto. An important tool to analyse and understand the origin and evolution of these atmospheres can be found in the different isotopic signatures of their atmospheric constituents. The $^{14}$N/$^{15}$N ratio of the N$_2$-dominated atmospheres of these bodies serve as a footprint of the building blocks from which Titan, Triton and Pluto originated and of the diverse fractionation processes that shaped these atmospheres over their entire evolution. Together with other measured isotopic and elemental ratios such as $^{12}$C/$^{13}$C or Ar/N these atmospheres can give important insights into the history of the icy bodies in the solar system, the diverse processes that affect their N$_2$-dominated atmospheres, and the therewith connected solar activity evolution. Titan's gaseous envelope most likely originated from ammonia ices with possible contributions from refractory organics. Its isotopic signatures can yet be seen in the - compared to Earth - comparatively heavy $^{14}$N/$^{15}$N ratio of 167.7, even though this value slightly evolved over its history due to atmospheric escape and photodissociation of N$_2$. The origin and evolution of Pluto's and Triton's tenuous nitrogen atmospheres remain unclear, even though it might be likely that their atmospheres originated from the protosolar nebula or from comets. An in-situ space mission to Triton such as the recently proposed Trident mission, and/or to the ice giants would be a crucial cornerstone for a better understanding of the origin and evolution of the icy bodies in the outer solar system and their atmospheres in general.

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