论文标题
盲口量子计算
Blind Oracular Quantum Computation
论文作者
论文摘要
在标准的Oracle模型中,Oracle有效地评估了与量子算法本身无关的未知经典函数。量子算法与其甲壳具有复杂的相互关系。例如,量子加速的可能性会受到实现甲壳的方式的影响。因此,分离甲壳与量子算法是有意义的,我们在这里引入了这样的分离。我们定义了盲量量子计算(BOQC)方案,其中甲骨文是量子网络中的独特节点。我们的工作增强了量子计算的客户端服务器设置,其中在网络上可以在网络上提供强大的量子计算机服务器,以便客户在网络上谨慎使用具有低量子功率的网络。在BOQC中,Oracle是另一个与主客户端合作的客户端,因此在服务器上运行了Oracular Quantum算法。主要客户与甲骨文之间的合作是在没有通信的情况下(几乎)进行的。我们证明BOQC是盲目的:服务器无法对客户端的计算学习任何信息。该证明是在抽象密码学的形式主义提供的可组合安全定义中执行的。在固态量子网络上运行时,我们增强了BOQC方案,可以用最小的物理尺子运行;我们证明,我们称之为BOQCO(BOQC优化)的方案具有与BOQC相同的安全性。
In the standard oracle model, an oracle efficiently evaluates an unknown classical function independent of the quantum algorithm itself. Quantum algorithms have a complex interrelationship to their oracles; for example the possibility of quantum speedup is affected by the manner by which oracles are implemented. Therefore, it is physically meaningful to separate oracles from their quantum algorithms, and we introduce one such separation here. We define the Blind Oracular Quantum Computation (BOQC) scheme, in which the oracle is a distinct node in a quantum network. Our work augments the client-server setting of quantum computing, in which a powerful quantum computer server is available on the network for discreet use by clients on the network with low quantum power. In BOQC, an oracle is another client that cooperates with the main client so that an oracular quantum algorithm is run on the server. The cooperation between the main client and the oracle takes place (almost) without communication. We prove BOQC to be blind: the server cannot learn anything about the clients' computation. This proof is performed within the composable security definitions provided by the formalism of Abstract Cryptography. We enhance the BOQC scheme to be runnable with minimal physical qubits when run on a solid-state quantum network; we prove that this scheme, which we refer to as BOQCo (BOQC-optimized), possesses the same security as BOQC.