论文标题
非遗传变异性：生存策略还是滋扰？
Non-genetic variability: survival strategy or nuisance?
论文作者
论文摘要
表型可变性在等源性种群中无处不在的观察结果导致了许多实验和理论研究，试图探究这种变异性的原因和后果。无论是在抗生素治疗的背景下还是在恒定环境中指数增长，非遗传变异性都对人群动态产生了重大影响。在这里，我们回顾了阐明细胞间变异性与人群动态之间关系的研究。总结了相关的实验观察结果之后，我们讨论了BET-GEDGING和表型切换的模型。在这些模型的背景下，我们讨论了如何在单细胞水平上的表型之间的切换可以帮助种群在不确定的环境中生存。接下来，我们回顾了表型变异性的更多细粒模型，其中明确考虑了单细胞生长速率，生成时间和细胞大小之间的关系。这些特征的变异性即使在恒定的环境中也会对人口动态产生重大影响。我们展示了这些影响如何对基本模型假设高度敏感。我们通过讨论许多开放问题，例如环境和内在可变性如何相互作用以及非遗传变异性在进化动力学中的作用是什么。
The observation that phenotypic variability is ubiquitous in isogenic populations has led to a multitude of experimental and theoretical studies seeking to probe the causes and consequences of this variability. Whether it be in the context of antibiotic treatments or exponential growth in constant environments, non-genetic variability has shown to have significant effects on population dynamics. Here, we review research that elucidates the relationship between cell-to-cell variability and population dynamics. After summarizing the relevant experimental observations, we discuss models of bet-hedging and phenotypic switching. In the context of these models, we discuss how switching between phenotypes at the single-cell level can help populations survive in uncertain environments. Next, we review more fine-grained models of phenotypic variability where the relationship between single-cell growth rates, generation times and cell sizes is explicitly considered. Variability in these traits can have significant effects on the population dynamics, even in a constant environment. We show how these effects can be highly sensitive to the underlying model assumptions. We close by discussing a number of open questions, such as how environmental and intrinsic variability interact and what the role of non-genetic variability in evolutionary dynamics is.
