论文标题
间歇性随机信号的量子传感
Quantum Sensing of Intermittent Stochastic Signals
论文作者
论文摘要
逼真的量子传感器面临着并行测量的传感器数量与整个合奏中的控制和读数保真度（$ f $）之间的权衡。我们研究了传感器的数量和忠诚度如何影响对连续和间歇信号的敏感性。对于连续信号，我们发现，对于$ f <1 $，将传感器数量增加$ 1/f^2 $总是会恢复$ f = 1 $时所达到的灵敏度。但是，当信号间歇性时，需要更多的传感器来通过一个完美的量子传感器恢复可实现的灵敏度。我们还通过估计具有单个捕获的离子传感器的随机，间歇性信号的频率成分，证明了近刑控制保真度和在量子投影噪声限制下的重要性。量子传感历史上一直集中在远离标准量子限制的大型传感器上。本手稿中介绍的结果表明，这不足以量化间歇性信号，并重新强调了特征态附近量子投影噪声独特缩放的重要性。
Realistic quantum sensors face a trade-off between the number of sensors measured in parallel and the control and readout fidelity ($F$) across the ensemble. We investigate how the number of sensors and fidelity affect sensitivity to continuous and intermittent signals. For continuous signals, we find that increasing the number of sensors by $1/F^2$ for $F<1$ always recovers the sensitivity achieved when $F=1$. However, when the signal is intermittent, more sensors are needed to recover the sensitivity achievable with one perfect quantum sensor. We also demonstrate the importance of near-unity control fidelity and readout at the quantum projection noise limit by estimating the frequency components of a stochastic, intermittent signal with a single trapped ion sensor. Quantum sensing has historically focused on large ensembles of sensors operated far from the standard quantum limit. The results presented in this manuscript show that this is insufficient for quantum sensing of intermittent signals and re-emphasizes the importance of the unique scaling of quantum projection noise near an eigenstate.
