论文标题
争论中说服力的负担
Burden of Persuasion in Argumentation
论文作者
论文摘要
本文为对话中的说服力负担，尤其是法律程序提供了正式的模型。该模型显示了说服负担的分配如何在辩证法背景下引起唯一的结果，在这种情况下，如果没有这样的分配，矛盾的论点的地位将尚未确定。我们的方法基于两个阶段的标签。第一阶段的标签决定了哪些论点被接受，拒绝或不确定，而不管负担的分配如何。根据说服的负担，第二阶段的标签修改了第一阶段不确定的论点的辩证地位。 最终将标签扩展，以获取完整的标签。 我们的模型结合了关于说服负担的辩论中出现的两个思想：说服力负担决定了论证之间的冲突解决方案，以及其满意度取决于相关论点的辩证地位的观念。我们的方法还解决了说服负担的倒置，即说服负担对论点的负担并没有扩展到其子观点。
This paper provides a formal model for the burden of persuasion in dialogues, and in particular, in legal proceedings. The model shows how an allocation of the burden of persuasion may induce single outcomes in dialectical contexts in which, without such an allocation, the status of conflicting arguments would remain undecided. Our approach is based on a two-stage labelling. The first-stage labelling determines what arguments are accepted, rejected or undecided, regardless of the allocation of burden. The second-stage labelling revises the dialectical status of first-stage undecided arguments, according to burdens of persuasion. The labelling is finally extended in such a way as to obtain a complete labelling. Our model combines two ideas that have emerged in the debate on the burden of persuasion: the idea that the burden of persuasion determines the solution of conflicts between arguments, and the idea that its satisfaction depends on the dialectical status of the arguments concerned. Our approach also addresses inversions of the burden of persuasion, namely, cases in which the burden of persuasion over an argument does not extend to its subarguments.
