论文标题

一个自动化的管道,用于发现阴谋和阴谋理论叙事框架:网络上的Bridgegate,Pizzagate和Storyteleld

An automated pipeline for the discovery of conspiracy and conspiracy theory narrative frameworks: Bridgegate, Pizzagate and storytelling on the web

论文作者

Tangherlini, Timothy R., Shahsavari, Shadi, Shahbazi, Behnam, Ebrahimzadeh, Ehsan, Roychowdhury, Vwani

论文摘要

尽管对阴谋理论在社交媒体及其事实对应的阴谋上流传的方式引起了很多关注,但在描述其叙事结构方面几乎没有进行计算工作。我们提出了一条自动化的管道,以发现和描述社交媒体上阴谋论的生成叙事框架以及新闻媒体报道的实际阴谋。我们将这项工作基于两个单独的帖子和新闻文章的存储库,描述了2016年著名的阴谋论比萨饼,以及2013年的新泽西州阴谋桥梁。我们制定了一个图形的生成机器学习模型,其中节点代表演员/演员,代表NODES,NODES和NODES捕捉背景性关系。帖子和新闻项目被视为隐藏叙事网络的子图的样本。重建基础结构的问题是潜在的模型估计问题。我们从帖子和文章中自动提取和汇总了Actress及其关系。我们通过开发一个超节点和子节点系统来捕获特定的特定参与者和相互作用的关系。我们使用这些来构建一个构成基本叙事框架的网络。我们展示了披萨框架如何依赖于阴谋理论家对“隐藏知识”的解释来链接其他人类互动的未链接领域,并假设这种多域重点是阴谋论的重要特征。尽管Pizzagate依赖于多个领域的一致性,但Bridgegate仍然牢固地植根于新泽西州政治的单个领域。我们假设阴谋论的叙事框架可能会迅速稳定,而实际框架的叙事框架形成鲜明对比,随着启示的揭露,这种框架的发展可能会更慢。

Although a great deal of attention has been paid to how conspiracy theories circulate on social media and their factual counterpart conspiracies, there has been little computational work done on describing their narrative structures. We present an automated pipeline for the discovery and description of the generative narrative frameworks of conspiracy theories on social media, and actual conspiracies reported in the news media. We base this work on two separate repositories of posts and news articles describing the well-known conspiracy theory Pizzagate from 2016, and the New Jersey conspiracy Bridgegate from 2013. We formulate a graphical generative machine learning model where nodes represent actors/actants, and multi-edges and self-loops among nodes capture context-specific relationships. Posts and news items are viewed as samples of subgraphs of the hidden narrative network. The problem of reconstructing the underlying structure is posed as a latent model estimation problem. We automatically extract and aggregate the actants and their relationships from the posts and articles. We capture context specific actants and interactant relationships by developing a system of supernodes and subnodes. We use these to construct a network, which constitutes the underlying narrative framework. We show how the Pizzagate framework relies on the conspiracy theorists' interpretation of "hidden knowledge" to link otherwise unlinked domains of human interaction, and hypothesize that this multi-domain focus is an important feature of conspiracy theories. While Pizzagate relies on the alignment of multiple domains, Bridgegate remains firmly rooted in the single domain of New Jersey politics. We hypothesize that the narrative framework of a conspiracy theory might stabilize quickly in contrast to the narrative framework of an actual one, which may develop more slowly as revelations come to light.

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