论文标题
测量传导电子的磁性
Measurements of the magnetic properties of conduction electrons
论文作者
论文摘要
我们考虑了用于测量电子磁化和易感性的各种方法和技术，这些方法和易感性用于实验性凝分物理学。宏观测量方法的考虑方法包括基于化学电位变化的磁力力学，电磁，调制型以及热力学方法。我们还根据自旋霍尔效应和NV中心考虑局部磁测量方法。考虑了几种扫描探针仪微观，例如磁共振显微镜，鱿鱼微镜和霍尔显微镜。该评论的重点是非磁性材料和人造系统中电子的自旋磁化测量值，尤其是在半导体和纳米系统中的低维电子系统中，近年来到达了前沿。
We consider various methods and techniques for measuring electron magnetization and susceptibility, which are used in experimental condensed matter physics. The list of considered methods for macroscopic measurements includes magnetomechanic, electromagnetic, modulation-type, and also thermodynamic methods based on the chemical potential variation. We also consider local methods of magnetic measurements based on the spin Hall effects and NV-centers. Several scanning probe magnetometers-microscopes are considered, such as magnetic resonance force microscope, SQUID-microscope, and Hall microscope. The review focuses on the spin magnetization measurements of electrons in non-magnetic materials and artificial systems, particularly, in low-dimensional electron systems in semiconductors and in nanosystems, which came to the forefront in recent years.
