论文标题
用于建模电子健康记录的神经时间点过程
Neural Temporal Point Processes For Modelling Electronic Health Records
论文作者
论文摘要
电子健康记录(EHRS)的建模有可能提高医疗资源的更有效分配,实现早期干预策略并推进个性化的医疗保健。但是,由于EHR在不规则的时间间隔内出现嘈杂的多模式数据,因此具有挑战性的模型。为了解决它们的时间性质,我们将EHR视为由时间点过程(TPP)生成的样本,使我们能够以原则性的方式对事件发生的情况进行建模。我们收集并提出了TPP的神经网络参数化,统称为神经TPP。我们对合成EHR以及一组已建立的基准进行评估。我们表明,TPP在EHR上的表现明显优于其非TPP对应物。我们还表明,许多神经TPP的假设是,班级分布在条件上独立于时间,可以降低EHR的性能。最后,我们提出的基于注意力的神经TPP与现有模型相比表现良好,同时与现实世界中的可解释性要求保持一致,这是迈向临床决策支持系统组成部分的重要一步。
The modelling of Electronic Health Records (EHRs) has the potential to drive more efficient allocation of healthcare resources, enabling early intervention strategies and advancing personalised healthcare. However, EHRs are challenging to model due to their realisation as noisy, multi-modal data occurring at irregular time intervals. To address their temporal nature, we treat EHRs as samples generated by a Temporal Point Process (TPP), enabling us to model what happened in an event with when it happened in a principled way. We gather and propose neural network parameterisations of TPPs, collectively referred to as Neural TPPs. We perform evaluations on synthetic EHRs as well as on a set of established benchmarks. We show that TPPs significantly outperform their non-TPP counterparts on EHRs. We also show that an assumption of many Neural TPPs, that the class distribution is conditionally independent of time, reduces performance on EHRs. Finally, our proposed attention-based Neural TPP performs favourably compared to existing models, whilst aligning with real world interpretability requirements, an important step towards a component of clinical decision support systems.