论文标题
集体运动，机械波和细胞簇中的Durotaxis
Collective Motility, Mechanical Waves, and Durotaxis in Cell Clusters
论文作者
论文摘要
上皮细胞簇通常在基材上集体移动。机械信号在组织这种行为方面起着重要作用。在这些系统中，有许多实验性观察等待着全面的解释。其中包括：即使对于通过增殖扩展的簇，内部应变也是拉伸的；底物上的路通常仅限于集群的边缘。群集内可能存在密度波；当单个细胞没有作用时，簇可以表现出集体的durotaxis。对于环中的细胞，在扩散的簇和细胞填充环并围绕其旋转的情况之间存在过渡。我们制定了一种机械模型来检查这些效果。我们使用分子离合器图片，该图片允许“停滞” - 外力抑制细胞收缩。从物理的角度来看，停滞的细胞是被动的，未固定的细胞是活跃的。通过将细胞连接到底物和彼此之间，并考虑到对运动的接触抑制，我们可以为许多这些发现以及可以测试的预测获得一个简单的图片。 Si Text/Figures包括https://rice.box.com/s/xiy3mwsfj3203lfu7pk0udfklexcgsew
Epithelial cell clusters often move collectively on a substrate. Mechanical signals play a major role in organizing this behavior. There are a number of experimental observations in these systems which await a comprehensive explanation. These include: the internal strains are tensile even for clusters that expand by proliferation; the tractions on the substrate are often confined to the edges of the cluster; there can exist density waves within the cluster; clusters can exhibit collective durotaxis when individual cells show no effect; and for cells in an annulus there is a transition between expanding clusters with proliferation and the case where cells fill the annulus and rotate around it. We formulate a mechanical model to examine these effects. We use a molecular clutch picture which allows "stalling" -- inhibition of cell contraction by external forces. Stalled cells are passive from a physical point of view and the un-stalled cells are active. By attaching cells to the substrate and to each other, and taking into account contact inhibition of locomotion, we get a simple picture for many of these findings as well as predictions that could be tested. SI text/figures included, SI movies at https://rice.box.com/s/xiy3mwsfj3203lfu7pk0udfklexcgsew
