论文标题
COVID-19大流行对海洋的影响
Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic on Oceans
论文作者
论文摘要
新颖的电晕病毒（Covid-19）减慢了世界上的许多人类活动。由于大流行，锁定了2个月的锁定足以使大气中的拟人化二氧化碳的7％下降。除了整个世界之外，大气中的拟人化二氧化碳排放的过剩也一直是对海洋的威胁。海洋在缓冲温室效应方面起着关键作用，但是在此过程中，它变得更加温暖，更酸性且含氧更少。尽管已经对大流行对大气的影响进行了调查，但大流行期间海洋发生了什么问题。本文的目的是研究大流行的影响，以及二氧化碳排放对全球海洋生产力的降低。通常使用叶绿素-A（CHL-A），颗粒有机和无机碳（PIC：POC）和海面温度（SST）来指示海洋的生产力。此处，使用了上述参数的卫星衍生估计值。基于这些估计，在大流行期间，观察到阿拉斯加，北欧，中国和美国东南部的CHL-A（0.5毫克-3）下降。中国大流行期间123 MTCO2的二氧化碳减少可能导致平均CHL-A减少约5％（2.5至1.6 mgm-3）。大流行期间CHL-A的减少主要与PIC：POC的减少有关。大流行对CHL-A和/或SST表现出明显的影响。在大多数沿海地区，尤其是阿拉斯加，北印度洋和东太平洋地区，平均SST的冷却响应在平均SST中的冷却响应。在大流行期间，印度的二氧化碳排放量减少了30％，使印度洋的平均SST下降了5％（从29.95到28.46 OC）。所有这些都表明，维持像流行时期一样可持续的全球活动可以帮助恢复海洋。
The novel corona virus (COVID-19) has slowed down a lot of human activities in the world. A lockdown for a period of 2 months, due to the pandemic, was enough to cause a drop of 7% of the anthropogonic CO2 in the atmosphere. In addition to the world in general, the excess of the anthropogonic CO2 emission in the atmosphere has always been a threat to the oceans as well. Oceans play a key role to buffer the greenhouse effect, but in the process, it becomes warmer, more acidic, and less oxygenated. While there have already been investigations done on the effect of pandemic on atmosphere, the question what happens to oceans during the pandemic remains unanswered. The aim of this paper is to study the pandemic's effect and the resultant reduction in CO2 emissions on the productivity of the global oceans. Often Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a), Particulate organic and inorganic carbon (PIC:POC) and sea surface temperature(SST), are used to indicate the productivity of oceans. Herein, satellite-derived estimates of the aforementioned parameters are used. Based on these estimates, a drop in Chl-a (0.5 mgm-3) is observed off Alaska, North Europe,South China and Southeast USA during the pandemic. CO2 reduction of 123 MtCO2 during the pandemic in China might have caused reduction in mean Chl-a by around 5% (2.5 to 1.6 mgm-3). Reduction of Chl-a during the pandemic is mostly associated with the reduction of PIC:POC. The pandemic demonstrates noticeable effect on Chl-a and/or SST. A cooling response of 0.5 oC in mean SST is observed over most of the coastal areas, especially off Alaska,north Indian ocean and eastern Pacific. The decrease in the CO2 emissions in India by 30% during the pandemic translates into a drop of mean SST in the north Indian ocean by 5% (from 29.95 to 28.46 oC). All these suggest that maintaining global activities as sustainable as the pandemic period, can help to recover the oceans.
