论文标题
纠缠动力学中的细耕和热化
Prethermalisation and Thermalisation in the Entanglement Dynamics
论文作者
论文摘要
我们研究了纠缠熵在几乎可整合系统中的热值的交叉。我们采用运动技术方程来研究量子猝灭后弱相互作用的无旋转费米的晶格模型中的纠缠动力学。对于足够弱的相互作用,我们观察到有限子系统的纠缠熵的两步放松。最初,熵遵循几乎可以整合的进化,接近不受干扰模型的广义吉布斯集合(GGE)预测的值。然后,他们朝着标准Gibbs集合(GE)描述的热平稳值开始缓慢漂移。虽然对GGE的初始放松与相互作用无关,但从GGE到GE值的缓慢漂移与时间尺度发生在与反相互平方成正比的时间尺度上。对于渐近的大时和子系统,可以使用修改的准粒子图片来预测熵的动力学,以跟踪由集成性破坏引起的费米子职业的演变。只要相对于GGE的(准)饱和度相关的时间表,这张图片就会对结果进行定量描述。在相反的限制中,准颗粒图仍然提供了正确的延迟行为,但它低估了纠缠熵的初始斜率。
We investigate the crossover of the entanglement entropy towards its thermal value in nearly integrable systems. We employ equation of motion techniques to study the entanglement dynamics in a lattice model of weakly interacting spinless fermions after a quantum quench. For weak enough interactions we observe a two-step relaxation of the entanglement entropies of finite subsystems. Initially the entropies follow a nearly integrable evolution, approaching the value predicted by the Generalized Gibbs Ensemble (GGE) of the unperturbed model. Then, they start a slow drift towards the thermal stationary value described by a standard Gibbs Ensemble (GE). While the initial relaxation to the GGE is independent of the interaction, the slow drift from GGE to GE values happens on time scales proportional to the inverse interaction squared. For asymptotically large times and subsystem sizes the dynamics of the entropies can be predicted using a modified quasiparticle picture that keeps track of the evolution of the fermionic occupations caused by the integrability breaking. This picture gives a quantitative description of the results as long as the integrability-breaking timescale is much larger than the one associated with the (quasi) saturation to the GGE. In the opposite limit the quasiparticle picture still provides the correct late-time behaviour, but it underestimates the initial slope of the entanglement entropy.