论文标题
只有一次
There is only one time
论文作者
论文摘要
我们绘制了物理系统的图片，使我们能够通过不仅需要与我们的时间观念保持一致性，而且还需要时间进入物理学的基本定律（独立于使用经典或量子描述）来识别这件事所谓的“时间”。图片的元素是两个非相互作用但尚未纠缠的量子系统，其中一个是一个时钟，另一个注定要进化。该设置基于所谓的“页面和Wootter（PAW）机制”，并使用Lie-Group和大型$ N $量子方法的工具进行更新。总体方案是量子，但是理论框架使我们能够仅采用经典限制，只有时钟或时钟和不断发展的系统。因此，我们在第一种情况下得出了schrödinger方程，第二种情况下的汉密尔顿运动方程式。还提出了有关与一般相对论和重力的可能联系的建议。
We draw a picture of physical systems that allows us to recognize what is this thing called "time" by requiring consistency not only with our notion of time but also with the way time enters the fundamental laws of Physics, independently of one using a classical or a quantum description. Elements of the picture are two non-interacting and yet entangled quantum systems, one of which acting as a clock, and the other one doomed to evolve. The setting is based on the so called "Page and Wootters (PaW) mechanism", and updates, with tools from Lie-Group and large-$N$ quantum approaches. The overall scheme is quantum, but the theoretical framework allows us to take the classical limit, either of the clock only, or of the clock and the evolving system altogether; we thus derive the Schrödinger equation in the first case, and the Hamilton equations of motion in the second one. Suggestions about possible links with general relativity and gravity are also put forward.
