论文标题
三种类型的Landauer的擦除原则：微观视图
Three types of Landauer's erasure principle: a microscopic view
论文作者
论文摘要
Landauer完成了在热力学第二定律中纳入信息的重要步骤，表明信息的擦除意味着热量的增加。大多数试图证明Landauer的擦除原则是基于热力学论证的。在这里，仅利用经典显微镜定律的时间可逆性，我们根据两个最终环境之间的关系确定了三种类型的Landauer擦除原则：一种与逻辑输入1相关的链接，而另一种则与逻辑输入0相关。当两个最终环境是相同的宏观状态时，就会发生$ k_b \ ln 2 $的熵更改的中间类型。最后，当两个最终环境在宏观上不同时，较弱的Landauer原理，即没有熵变化的信息擦除。即使以上结果正式对经典的擦除门正式有效，但也会对其自然扩展到量子场景进行讨论。本文强烈表明，原始的Landauer原理（基于热元环境的假设）对于微电子学是完全合理的，但是对于以后在THZ频率上工作的几个原子设备而言，它变得越来越不合理。因此，值得调查的弱和中间兰道的原则，即信息的擦除不一定与散热相关。
An important step to incorporate information in the second law of thermodynamics was done by Landauer, showing that the erasure of information implies an increase in heat. Most attempts to justify Landauer's erasure principle are based on thermodynamic argumentations. Here, using just the time-reversibility of classical microscopic laws, we identify three types of the Landauer's erasure principle depending on the relation between the two final environments: the one linked to a logical input 1 and the other to the logical input 0. The strong type (which is the original Landauer's formulation) requires the final environments to be in thermal equilibrium. The intermediate type giving the entropy change of $k_B \ln 2$ occurs when the two final environments are identical macroscopic states. Finally, the weak Landauer's principle, providing information erasure with no entropy change, when the two final environments are macroscopically different. Even though the above results are formally valid for classical erasure gates, a discussion on their natural extension to quantum scenarios is presented. This paper strongly suggests that the original Landauer's principle (based on the assumption of thermalized environments) is fully reasonable for microelectronics, but it becomes less reasonable for future few-atoms devices working at THz frequencies. Thus, the weak and intermediate Landauer's principles, where the erasure of information is not necessarily linked to heat dissipation, are worth investigating.
