论文标题
早期宇宙中古典行为的出现
Emergence of classical behavior in the early universe
论文作者
论文摘要
我们调查了在通货膨胀背景下讨论的三个问题:量子非交换性的重要性褪色;量子挤压的现象;以及通过经典相空间上的分布函数近似量子状态的能力。在标准处理中,这些特征源于(近)DE Sitter时空的量子场模式函数的属性。因此,通常认为这三个概念本质上是等效的,代表了同一现象的不同方面。我们通过经典相空间上的几何结构镜头分析了它们,总的来说,弗里德曼 - 罗伯逊 - 罗伯逊步行者的空间时间。分析表明:(i)通货膨胀不起作用;古典行为可以更广泛地出现。 (ii)这三个概念在概念上是不同的;从某种意义上说,经典性可以出现,而在另一种意义上不能出现。 (iii)第三个概念在令人惊讶的强烈意义上实现;只要对量子运算符是Weyl排序,经典理论中完全一般的$ n $ n $ point函数之间的平等。这些特征本身已经出现在线性宇宙学扰动中:诸如模式模式耦合,变形和测量理论之类的考虑因素(尽管本身就是重要的 - 尽管在讨论的三种感觉中都不重要。结果的一般性源于以下事实:它们可以追溯到经典相位空间上的几何结构,可在各种系统中可用。因此,这种方法在其他情况下也可能有用。
We investigate three issues that have been discussed in the context of inflation: Fading of the importance of quantum non-commutativity; the phenomenon of quantum squeezing; and the ability to approximate the quantum state by a distribution function on the classical phase space. In the standard treatments, these features arise from properties of mode functions of quantum fields in (near) de Sitter space-time. Therefore, the three notions are often assumed to be essentially equivalent, representing different facets of the same phenomenon. We analyze them in general Friedmann-Lemaitre- Robertson-Walker space-times, through the lens of geometric structures on the classical phase space. The analysis shows that: (i) inflation does not play an essential role; classical behavior can emerge much more generally; (ii) the three notions are conceptually distinct; classicality can emerge in one sense but not in another; and, (iii) the third notion is realized in a surprisingly strong sense; there is exact equality between completely general $n$-point functions in the classical theory and those in the quantum theory, provided the quantum operators are Weyl ordered. These features arise already for linear cosmological perturbations by themselves: considerations such as mode-mode coupling, decoherence, and measurement theory --although important in their own right-- are not needed for emergence of classical behavior in any of the three senses discussed. Generality of the results stems from the fact that they can be traced back to geometrical structures on the classical phase space, available in a wide class of systems. Therefore, this approach may also be useful in other contexts.