论文标题

初始设计策略及其对基于顺序模型的优化的影响

Initial Design Strategies and their Effects on Sequential Model-Based Optimization

论文作者

Bossek, Jakob, Doerr, Carola, Kerschke, Pascal

论文摘要

基于顺序模型的优化(SMBO)方法是解决需要计算或其他昂贵功能评估的问题的算法。 SMBO的关键设计原理是替代物替代了真正的目标函数,该原则用于提出接下来要评估的点。 SMBO算法本质上是模块化的,使用户拥有许多重要的设计选择。重要的研究工作是了解哪种设置最适合哪种类型的问题。但是,大多数作品都集中在模型的选择,采集功能以及用于优化后者的策略上。但是,最初的抽样策略的选择受到了较少的关注。毫不奇怪,文献中可以找到很大的建议。 我们在这项工作中分析了初始样本的大小和分布如何影响有效的全局优化〜(EGO)算法的总体质量,这是一种众所周知的SMBO方法。总体而言,使用Halton抽样的初始预算很少,但我们还观察到性能格局是非结构化的。我们还确定了几种情况,在这些情况下,自我对随机抽样的表现不利。这两个观察结果都表明自适应SMBO设计可能是有益的,这使得SMBO成为自动化算法设计的有趣测试床。

Sequential model-based optimization (SMBO) approaches are algorithms for solving problems that require computationally or otherwise expensive function evaluations. The key design principle of SMBO is a substitution of the true objective function by a surrogate, which is used to propose the point(s) to be evaluated next. SMBO algorithms are intrinsically modular, leaving the user with many important design choices. Significant research efforts go into understanding which settings perform best for which type of problems. Most works, however, focus on the choice of the model, the acquisition function, and the strategy used to optimize the latter. The choice of the initial sampling strategy, however, receives much less attention. Not surprisingly, quite diverging recommendations can be found in the literature. We analyze in this work how the size and the distribution of the initial sample influences the overall quality of the efficient global optimization~(EGO) algorithm, a well-known SMBO approach. While, overall, small initial budgets using Halton sampling seem preferable, we also observe that the performance landscape is rather unstructured. We furthermore identify several situations in which EGO performs unfavorably against random sampling. Both observations indicate that an adaptive SMBO design could be beneficial, making SMBO an interesting test-bed for automated algorithm design.

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