论文标题
量子力学的测量之间的对称性
Symmetries between measurements in quantum mechanics
论文作者
论文摘要
对称性是将数学优雅与物理见解联系起来的关键概念。我们考虑量子力学中的测量组合,并展示如何通过所谓的离散束描述它们的对称性。事实证明,量子信息理论中使用的许多测量组合以及用于研究量子力学基础的许多测量组完全由对称性确定。此外,从某个对称组开始,可以构建新型的测量集。从对称中获得的见解使我们能够轻松确定集合中的测量值在嘈杂的条件下是否不兼容,即是否可以被视为真正不同的。此外,对称性使我们能够确定具有高灵敏度的有限测量集以揭示分布式量子状态的量子性。
Symmetries are a key concept to connect mathematical elegance with physical insight. We consider measurement assemblages in quantum mechanics and show how their symmetry can be described by means of the so-called discrete bundles. It turns out that many measurement assemblages used in quantum information theory as well as for studying the foundations of quantum mechanics are entirely determined by symmetry; moreover, starting from a certain symmetry group, novel types of measurement sets can be constructed. The insight gained from symmetry allows us to easily determine whether the measurements in the set are incompatible under noisy conditions, i.e., whether they can be regarded as genuinely distinct ones. In addition, symmetry enables us to identify finite sets of measurements having a high sensitivity to reveal the quantumness of distributed quantum states.